Type Species:

Maurodactylus semiustus Van Duzee.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the relatively small size, the yellowish to heavily infuscate coloration (fig. 1), the heavy, dark setae on the dorsum, antennal segment 2 relatively long and of uniform diameter (fig. 1), the field of spicules on the ventral and posterior surfaces of the genitalia capsule (figs. 5H, 6E), and the form of the male genitalia, especially the vesica being slender, elongate, formed of a single strap, sinuously curving, attenuted apically, and the secondary gonopore located subapically and with a rudimentary gonopore sclerite (fig. 3). Adenostomocoris spp. have the general appearance of some largely pale Atractotomus spp., such as A. prosopidis (Knight) and A. griseolus (Reuter). They differ from most Atractotomus spp. in completely lacking lepidote setae, in lacking the row of spinules on the dorsodistal surface of the hind femur (fig. 5E), in having a covering of heavy black setae on the dorsum, and in possessing a field of short, peglike setae on the ventral and posterior surfaces of genital capsule. The structure of the vesica is reminiscent of that found in Atractotomus, but the gonopore sclerite is at most weakly developed and lacking spines.

Description:

Male: Small, moderately to distinctly elongate, somewhat flattened; total length 2.60–3.77, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.86–2.43, width across pronotum 0.86–1.02. COLORATION (fig. 1): Greenish yellow to heavily infuscate. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 5G, 6F): Dorsum smooth, dull to weakly shining; dorsum covered with relatively heavy, weakly flattened, dark, recumbent setae intermixed with simple setae (figs. 5G, 6F); distal portion of dorsal surface of hind femur lacking row of spinules as found in Atractotomus (fig. 5E); ventral and posterior surface of genital capsule with a field of short, thicklyset, peglike setae (figs. 5H, 6E). STRUCTURE: Head transverse, only weakly conforming to anterior margin of pronotum (figs. 1, 5B, 6B); posterior margin of vertex smoothly rounded; frons barely projecting beyond anterior margin of eyes in dorsal view; genal area small, large compound eyes extending nearly to level of bucculae (figs. 5A, 6A); antenna inserted slightly above level of ventral margin of eye (figs. 5A, 6A); labium reaching to middle trochanters. Antennal segment 2 distinctly longer than width of head, of diameter nearly equal to that of segment 1, tapering slightly toward base. Claws nearly straight, bent near apex, with pair of catclaw-shaped spines ventrally (fig. 5F), pulvilli large and adnate to nearly entire ventral surface of claw, parempodia relatively short and stout (figs. 5D, 6D). Mesepisternal spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figures 5C and 6C. Abdomen broad basally, tapering toward relatively small genital capsule, occupying about one-third length of abdomen. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): Vesica slender, delicate, formed of a sinuously curving single strap attenuated into a single apical spine, secondary gonopore weakly sclerotized, removed from apex of vesica by about length of gonopore, gonopore sclerite weakly developed, lacking spines (fig. 3); phallotheca L-shaped (figs. 3, 6E); left paramere boat- shaped (fig. 3); right paramere lanceolate.

Female: Small; total length 2.73–2.99, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.92– 2.11, width pronotum 0.95–1.03. COLORATION: As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: Body form more strongly ovoid than in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 1).

Etymology:

Named for the occurrence of the two known species only on Adenostoma (Rosaceae).

Hosts:

Adenostoma fasciculatum Hooker and Arnott (Rosaceae).

Distribution:

Southern California, northern Baja California.

Discussion:

The field of peglike spines on the ventral and posterior surfaces of the genital capsule is uncommon, if not unique, among known Phylinae. Although we do not consider the setal type homologous, a situation similar to that found in Adenostomocoris is also seen in Tuxedo Schuh (see Schuh, 2004).

The two known species of Adenostomocoris both occur on Adenostoma fasciculatum and are frequently collected on the same plants at the same time. Pinto (1986) described the phenology of Adenostomocoris, presumably treating both A. semiustus and A. pintoi under the name Microphylidea sp.

Holotype:

Male: “[USA] CA[alifornia]: Riverside Co., Palm Cyn, ca 5 mi S Palm Springs, VI-8–78, blk lite, John D. Pinto”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characters listed in the generic diagnosis, the strong sexual dimorphism, and the male being much longer and more nearly parallel-sided than the female (fig. 1). Adenostomocoris pintoi showing much less variation in pigmentation than A. semiustus, generally being a uniform greenish yellow. Female without, or with only a few, black setae on abdominal venter. The field of peglike setae on the posterior and ventral surfaces (figs. 5H) of the genital capsule pale, rather than black as in A. semiustus.

Description:

Male: Moderately small, elongate; total length 3.35–3.77, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.12–2.40, width across pronotum 0.87–1.02. COLORATION (fig. 1): Greenish yellow. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 5G): Peglike setae on ventral and posterior surface of genital capsule (fig. 5H) pale. STRUCTURE: Antennal segment 2 1.48 times as long as width of head. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): Vesica as in figure 3, differing from that of A. semiustus by the longer gonopore sclerite; phallotheca as in figure 3; left paramere as in figure 3.

Female: Moderately small; total length 2.73–2.99, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.96–2.11, width pronotum 0.95–1.03. COLORATION: As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: Body form more strongly ovoid than in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 1).

Etymology:

Named for John D. Pinto, whose efforts in the field have done so much to broaden our knowledge of diversity, hosts, and distribution of Miridae in southern California and Arizona.

Hosts:

Adenostoma fasciculatum Hooker and Arnott (Rosaceae).

Distribution:

Southern California, northern Baja California.

Paratypes:

MEXICO: Baja California Norte: 22 km W of Parque Sierra San Pedro Martir, 1150 m, April 25, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 1♂, 30♀ (AMNH). 41 km W of Parque Sierra San Pedro Martir, 560 m, April 25, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 12♂, 4♀ (AMNH). USA: California: Contra Costa Co.: Mt. Diablo State Park, 885 m, July 9, 1977, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 2♂, 2♀ (CAS). Los Angeles Co.: Mint Canyon, May 26, 1937, E. P. Van Duzee, 5♂, 1♀ (CAS). Marin Co.: Mill Valley, Blithedale Bridge, 110 m, June 20, 1965, P. H. Arnaud, Jr., 1♂ (CAS). Napa Co.: 2 mi NNE of Angwin, on N side of Howell Mountain, 1300 ft, June 1, 1978, H. B. Leach, 1♂ (CAS). Riverside Co.: 5 mi S of Palm Springs, Palm Canyon, June 8, 1978– July 5, 1978, J. D. Pinto, 18♂, 27♀ (UCR). E of Hemet on Rt 74, 3900 ft, June 24, 1983, R. K. Velten, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 1♂, 1♀ (UCR, USNM). Menifee Valley (hills on W end), 560 m, May 11, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. D. Pinto, 1♀ (AMNH). Menifee Valley (hills on W end), May 17, 1978, J. D. Pinto, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 2♂, 5♀ (UCR, USNM). San Jacinto Mountains, 2 mi S of Banning on Rt 243, 800 m, May 20, 2000, M. D. Schwartz, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 3♂, 4♀ (CNC). San Jacinto Mountains, San Jacinto River, 3000 ft, May 30, 1940, R. L. Usinger, Adenostoma sp. (Rosaceae), 4♂, 8♀ (UCB). San Bernardino Co.: Camp Baldy, June 14, 1926, L. L. Muchmore, 14♂, 15♀ (LACM). San Diego Co.: no specific locality, July 28, 1929, P. W. Oman, 3♂ (KU). San Luis Obispo Co.: 5 mi NE of Santa Margarita, June 5, 1962, G. I. Stage, 1♂ (UCB). Santa Barbara Co.: 6 mi SW of New Cuyama, Aliso Canyon, July 9, 1965, M. R. Gardner, 1♂ (UCD). Upper Oso Campground off Rt 154, 310 m, May 7, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 20♂, 5♀ (AMNH). Santa Cruz Co.: 9 mi NE of Soquel, July 4, 1956, S. M. Fidel, 1♂ (UCD).

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characters listed in the generic diagnosis, and by the relative lack of sexual dimorphism, the male only slightly longer and more nearly parallel- sided than the female (fig. 1). Adenostomocoris semiustus (Van Duzee) showing substantially more variation in pigmentation than A. pintoi, new species, running from yellow green to almost totally gray brown. Female with moderately dense black setae on abdominal venter.

Redescription:

Male: Small, weakly elongate; total length 2.60–2.86, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.86–1.94, width across pronotum 0.86–0.91. COLORATION (fig. 1): Greenish yellow to heavily infuscate. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Peglike setae on ventral and posterior surfaces of genital capsule (fig. 6E) black. STRUCTURE: Antennal segment 2 1.5 times as long as width of head. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica as in figure 3, differing from that of A. pintoi by the shorter gonopore sclerite; phallotheca as in figure 3; left paramere as in figure 3.

Female: Small; total length 2.73–2.89, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.92– 2.10, width pronotum 0.97–1.01. COLORATION: As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: Body form more strongly ovoid than in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 1).

Hosts:

Adenostoma fasciculatum Hooker and Arnott (Rosaceae).

Distribution:

Southern California and northern Baja California.

Specimens Examined:

MEXICO: Baja California Norte: 22 km W of Parque Sierra San Pedro Martir, 1150 m, April 25, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 25♂, 10♀ (AMNH). 41 km W of Parque Sierra San Pedro Martir, 560 m, April 25, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 7♂, 1♀ (AMNH). USA: California: Glenn Co.: 10 mi W of Elk Creek, June 7, 1984, J. D. Pinto, 1♀ (UCR). Los Angeles Co.: Pasadena, May 25, 1909–June 17, 1909, Grinnell, 3♂, 2♀ (CAS). Orange Co.: Cleveland Natl. Forest, 1.5 mi E of San Juan Campground, 500 m, May 12, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. D. Pinto, 1♂ (AMNH). Riverside Co.: Hwy 74 E of Hemet, 3900 ft, June 24, 1983, R. K. Velten, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 2♂ (UCR, USNM). Menifee valley (hills on W end), 560 m, May 11, 1978–June 24, 1983, J. D. Pinto and R. T. Schuh, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 4♂, 1♀ (AMNH, UCR). San Jacinto Mountains, 2 mi S of Banning on Rt 243, 800 m, May 20, 2000, M. D. Schwartz, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 11♂, 37♀ (CNC). San Bernardino Co.: 4 mi E of Mentone, 750 m, May 11, 1978, R. T. Schuh and J. D. Pinto, Adenostoma fasciculatum (Rosaceae), 3♂, 2♀ (AMNH). San Diego Co.: No specific locality, April 11, 1914, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂, 2♀ (CAS, USNM); paratypes: 4♂, 2♀ (CAS). San Luis Obispo Co.: Arroyo Grd. Crk. SW of San Luis Obispo, 160 m, May 8, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, 1♀ (AMNH). Sonoma Co.: Santa Rosa, Pepperwood Ranch Natural Preserve, May 27, 1982, D. Kavanaugh, 1♂ (CAS). Stanislaus Co.: Del Puerto Canyon, May 29, 1971, J. March, 1♂ (UCD).

Type Species:

Chlamydatus manzanitae Knight.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the small size, deep brown to castaneous coloration, the hemelytra strongly deflexed at the cuneal incissure (fig. 1), dorsum broadly covered with recumbent, shining, simple setae, the clavus and corium adjacent to claval suture with flattened lanceolate setae (fig. 7C, D), and the sigmoid form of the male genitalia (fig. 3). Similar to some Chlamydatus spp. and to Pruneocoris, new genus, in small size and dark coloration. Distinguished from the former by the sharply carinate posterior margin of the vertex (fig. 7A); distinguished from both by the lanceolate form of the flattened setae on the hemelytra and the strong deflexion of the hemelytra at the cuneal incissure.

Description:

Male: Small, broad-bodied, somewhat flattened, total length 2.13–2.39, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.51– 1.65, width across pronotum 0.83–0.94. COLORATION (fig. 1): Largely deep brown to castaneous. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 7C): Dorsum smooth, polished, shining, broadly covered with recumbent, shining, simple setae; clavus and corium adjacent to claval suture with flattened lanceolate setae (fig. 7C, D); distal portion of dorsal surface of hind femur lacking row of spinules as found in Atractotomus (fig. 7G, H). STRUCTURE: Head transverse, conforming to anterior margin of pronotum (figs. 1, 7A); posterior margin of vertex forming a weak carina (fig. 7A); ventral margin of antennal fossa at level of ventral margin of eye; head projecting below eyes by about one-third the height of an eye (fig. 7B); labium reaching well beyond trochanters, sometimes attaining anterior margin of genital capsule. Distal diameter of antennal segment 2 equal to diameter of segment 1, segment 2 distinctly tapering toward base (fig. 1). Costal margin of hemelytra distinctly rounded, convex, cuneal fracture conspicuously incised, hemelytra strongly deflexed at fracture (fig. 1). Claws of moderate length, claws smoothly curving, pulvilli moderately large and projecting from base of claw, parempodia setiform and attenuated (fig. 7F). Mesepisternal spicale and metathoracic scent- gland evaporatory area as in figure 7E. Abdomen broad, tapering toward relatively small genital capsule, the latter occupying about one-half of length of abdomen. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): Vesica formed of a sinuously curving single strap attenuated apically; secondary gonopore well sclerotized, removed from apex by about the length of gonopore, gonopore sclerite lacking (fig. 3); phallotheca (fig. 3); left paramere boat-shaped, apex of anterior process heavily sclerotized; right paramere lanceolate.

Female: Small; total length 2.18–2.42, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.54– 1.66, width pronotum 0.80–0.94. COLORATION: As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: As in male (fig. 1).

Hosts:

Arctostaphylos spp. (Ericaceae).

Distribution:

Oregon to Arizona.

Discussion:

Knight (1964) included his new species manzanitae in Chlamydatus Curtis. Although similar in size and general appearance to some Chlamydatus species, manzanitae differs in the following characters: posterior margin of vertex forming a sharp ridge, whereas Chlamydatus spp. have the posterior margin rounded; and secondary gonopore with a projection or attenuation distally, whereas Chlamydatus spp. have the gonopore broadly and smoothly curving distally, with no projections. This species is therefore transferred to Arctostaphylocoris, new genus, and an additional new species is described from Arizona.

A number of features of our new genus are superficially similar to those of the Palearctic genus Salicarus Kerzhner, 1962 (type species Capsus roseri Herrich-Schaeffer, 1843). Kerzhner's (1962) diagnosis of Salicarus mentioned that the body is broad, oval, and black with the hemelytra, head, and pronotum occasionally dark brown; the vestiture of the dorsum and sides of the thorax is a mixture of pale simple, and scalelike, setae; and the vesica is S-shaped with an undivided apex and a large almost terminally situated secondary gonopore. Although the host plants of Salicarus spp. belong to several plant families, most of the hosts are willows, (Salix spp.) (Salicaceae). The two species of Arctostaphylocoris are predominantly brown, clothed in mixed vestiture including flattened setae, have twisted vesicae with almost terminally located secondary gonopores, and inhabit Arctostaphylos spp. (Ericaceae).

Holotype:

Male: “[USA:] ARIZONA: Gila Co., Old CCC cmpgrd S of Globe on Pioneer Pass Rd., 4700 ft., May 30–31, 1983, RT Schuh, GM Stonedahl, BM Massie; Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry (Ericaceae)”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characteristics given in the generic diagnosis, along with the deep brown coloration of the body (fig. 1) and the weakly brown femora of all legs. Distinguished from A. manzanitae (Knight) by the castaneous femora in that species.

Description:

Male: As in generic description; total length 2.13–2.29, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.51–1.65, width across pronotum 0.83–0.91. COLORATION (fig. 1): Largely deep brown; femora of all legs weakly brown; antennae and tibiae pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 7C, D): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: As in generic description. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): As in generic description.

Female: Small; total length 2.24–2.42, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.61– 1.66, width pronotum 0.80–0.94. COLORATION (fig. 1): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: As in male.

Etymology:

Named for its occurrence in Arizona.

Hosts:

Arctostaphylos pringlei Parry, A. pungens Humboldt, Bonpland, and Kunth (Ericaceae).

Distribution:

Arizona.

Paratypes:

USA: Arizona: Gila Co.: 8 mi S of Rts 87 and 188 (off Rt 87), Tonto National Forest, 4000 ft, May 27, 1983–May 28, 1983, R.T. Schuh and G.M. Stonedahl, Arctostaphylos pungens (Ericaceae), 61♂, 40♀ (AMNH). Globe, Pinal Creek, 4000 ft, June 7, 1953, A. and H. Dietrich, 2♀ (CU). Old CCC Campground S of Globe on Pioneer Pass Rd, 4700 ft, May 30, 1983–May 31, 1983, R.T. Schuh, G.M. Stonedahl, and B.M. Massie, Arctostaphylos pringlei (Ericaceae), 13♂, 15♀ (AMNH).

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characteristics given in the generic diagnosis, along with the intense castaneous coloration of the body and all femora (fig. 1). Distinguished from A. arizonensis (Knight) by the weakly brown femora in that species.

Description:

Male: As in generic description; total length 2.03–2.29, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.43–1.60, width across pronotum 0.79–0.94. COLORATION (fig. 1): Largely castaneous; femora of all legs castaneous; antennae and tibiae pale. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 1): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: As in generic description. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): As in generic description.

Female: Small; total length 2.18–2.35, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.54– 1.60, width pronotum 0.87–0.94. COLORATION (fig. 1): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: As in male.

Hosts:

Arctostaphylos patula Greene, A. canescens Eastw., and A. viscida Parry (Ericaceae). The record from Ceanothus velutinus (Rhamnaceae) may be the result of misassociation.

Distribution:

California and Oregon.

Specimens Examined:

USA: California: Calaveras Co.: Mokelumne Hill, May 27, 1931, R. L. Usinger, 1♀ (UCB). Fresno Co.: Big Creek Rd, 2 km E of jct with Rt 168, 1500 m, July 25, 1999, M. D. Schwartz, Arctostaphylos viscida Parry (Ericaceae), 2♂ (CAS). Fresno, June 20, 1926, C. J. Drake, paratype, 1♀ (CNC). Lassen Co.: 3 mi W of Nubieber, 1405 m, July 6, 1979, R.T. and Joe Schuh, Arctostaphylos patula (Ericaceae), 1♀ (AMNH). Hallelujah Junction, July 2, 1964, C. Slobodchikoff, 1♀ (CAS). Westwood, June 17, 1959, Kelton and Madge, 1♀ (CNC). Los Angeles Co: Tanbark Flat, June 25, 1952, R. L. Anderson, 3♀ (UCD). Madera Co.: Bass Lake, 3000 ft, July 1, 1946, H.P. Chandler, 1♀ (CAS). Mariposa Co.: 3 mi SW of Miami Ranger Station, 4000 ft, June 19, 1946, H. P. Chandler, 1♀ (UCD). Yosemite National Park, Chilnualna Falls, July 17, 1946, R.L. Usinger, 1♀ (UCB). Yosemite, 3880–4000 ft, June 7, 1931, E. O. Essig, 1♀ (UCB). Monterey Co.: Hastings Reservation, Monterey, July 12, 1944, mixed chaparral, 1♂ (USNM). Riverside Co.: San Jacinto Mountains, July 21, 1929, R. H. Beamer, 1♂ (KU). Shasta Co.: 1.0 mi W of Logan Lake, Old Station, July 16, 1989, M. A. Valenti, 4♂, 2♀ (USNM). Siskiyou Co.: 16.5 mi N of Hiway 89 on Powder Hill Road, July 19, 1985, G. M. Stonedahl and J. D. McIver, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae), 10♂, 20♀ (AMNH). McCloud, 1090 m, July 7, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Arctostaphylos patula (Ericaceae), 1♂ (AMNH). Tuolumne Co.: Oakland Rec. Camp, July 20, 1928, R. L. Usinger, manzanita (Ericaceae), paratypes, 1♂, 1♀ (CNC, USNM), 6♀ (CAS, CNC). Pinecrest, July 2, 1951, R. L. Usinger, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae), 6♂, 5♀ (UCB). Oregon: Deschutes Co.: 6 mi SW of Sisters on Forest Service Road 1536, Brush Draw, T15S R9E Sec 29, July 29, 1980, M. D. Schwartz, 1♂ (AMNH). 6 mi W of Sisters, August 28, 1969, D.S. Horning, Ceanothus velutinus (Rhamnaceae), 2♂, 3♀ (OSU). Josephine Co.: 12 mi N of Cave Junction, 470 m, July 10, 1979, R.T. and Joe Schuh, Arctostaphylos canescens (Ericaceae), 2♀ (AMNH). Lane Co.: Blue River Reservoir, July 31, 1979, G. M. Stonedahl, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae), 2♂, 2♀ (OSU).

Type Species:

Sthenarus cuneotinctus Van Duzee.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the relatively small size, generally pale greenish to faded reddish coloration (fig. 1), the relatively small, almost globular, eyes (figs. 1, 8A, B, 9A, C, E), the dark antennal segment 1 (fig. 1), the black ôkneesö on all tibiae (fig. 1), the dark bases of the tibial spines, the polished body surface (fig. 1), the vestiture of recumbent, pale, shining setae (figs. 8C, 9G), and the form of the male genitalia, especially the long, J-shaped vesica with the attenuated apex extending well beyond the secondary gonopore (fig. 3). Overall form and coloration similar to Plagiognathus luteus Knight, but the smaller size and different genitalic structure distinguish the new genus. Male genitalia most similar in structure to Lineatopsallus Henry.

Description:

Male: Small, elongate, corial margin straight to weakly rounded (fig. 1); total length 2.44–2.99, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.48–1.93, width across pronotum 0.69–0.89. COLORATION (fig. 1): Largely pale to faded reddish; antennal segment 1 dark; all tibiae with black knees, tibial spines with black bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 8C, 9G): Dorsum smooth, polished, moderately to strongly shining (fig. 1), clothed with pale, weakly shining, recumbent simple setae (figs. 8C, 9G); distal portion of dorsal surface of hind femur lacking row of spinules (figs. 8E, 9H). STRUCTURE: Head more or less vertical, weakly bulging and slightly projecting beyond eyes in dorsal view; eyes relatively small in dorsal and lateral view; vertex relatively broad, posterior margin rounded, not strongly conforming to anterior margin of pronotum; gena broadly exposed below eye (figs. 8A, B, 9A, C, E); labium reaching to middle trochanters or beyond. Antennal segment 2 of uniform diameter over entire length, about same diameter as antennal segment 1. Claws elongate, slender, smoothly curving, pulvilli attached on ventral surface of basal one-half of claw (figs. 8D, F, 9D). Mesepisternal spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figures 8G and 9B. Genital capsule relatively large, occupying at least one-half length of abdomen. MALE GENITALIA (figs. 3, 8H, 9F): Vesica long and relatively slender, more or less J- shaped, apparently formed of a single strap, apex strongly attenuated, extending beyond secondary gonopore by 3 or more times length of gonopore; secondary gonopore moderately sclerotized, gonopore sclerite weakly developed (fig. 3); phallotheca more or less erect, tapering toward apex and conical in appearance; left paramere rowboat- shaped; right paramere weakly to distinctly truncate apically.

Female: Small, elongate ovoid; total length 2.12–2.69, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.45–1.79, width across pronotum 0.72–0.89. COLORATION: Coloration more generally pale than in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in male. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra not so elongate as in male, body much more strongly ovoid (fig. 1); antennal segment 2 weakly tapering toward base, slightly more slender than in male.

Etymology:

Named for the coloration of the two known species; from Latin, aurantium, orange, and Greek, coris, bug.

Hosts:

Known to feed on members of the Rhamnaceae and Rosaceae.

Discussion:

Van Duzee (1915) originally placed A. cuneotinctus in Sthenarus Fieber. Placement of this and other North American taxa in that catchall genus is unsatisfactory on the basis of genitalic structure and other characters. The two species we are assigning to Aurantiocoris have male genitalic structures most similar to those found in Lineatopsallus Henry (1991), although other features, such as coloration, do not necessarily suggest a close relationship.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characters given in the generic diagnosis. Distinguished from Aurantiocoris purshiae, new species, by the contrasting reddish color of the dorsum, with the cuneus most intensely so (fig. 1), whereas the dorsum in A. purshiae is unicolorous orange (fig. 1); hemelytra much longer in A. cuneotinctus than in A. purshiae.

Redescription:

Male: Small, elongate, corial margin straight; total length 2.75–2.99, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.76– 1.93, width across pronotum 0.80–0.89. COLORATION (fig. 1): Dorsum pale to reddish, cuneus usually more strongly reddish and contrasting with remainder of dorsum; thoracic pleuron and venter and abdomen pale; antennal segment 1 dark, remaining segments pale; legs pale except as noted in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 8C): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra elongate, ratio of total length to width of pronotum 3.44: 1. Labium reaching to middle trochanters. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): Apex of vesica long (figs. 3, 8H); phallotheca as in figure 3; parameres as in figure 3.

Female: Small, elongate ovoid; total length 2.48–2.69, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.68–1.79, width across pronotum 0.76–0.89. COLORATION (fig. 1): Coloration more generally pale than in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 1): As in male. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra not so elongate as in male, body much more strongly ovoid (fig. 1); antennal segment 2 weakly tapering toward base, slightly more slender than in male.

Distribution:

Northwestern North America, ranging from British Columbia and Idaho south to the San Jacinto Mountains of southern California.

Hosts:

Ceanothus spp. C. cordulatus Kell. and C. velutinus Dougl. ex Hook.) (Rhamnaceae), Purshia tridentata (Pursh.) DC (Rosaceae).

Specimens Examined:

CANADA: British Columbia: 10 km S of Kelowna, N end of road into Okanagan Mt. Park, August 29, 1993, M. D. Schwartz, Ceanothus velutinus (Rhamnaceae), 3♂, 3♀ (CNC). Okanagan Falls, July 8, 1974–July 8, 1975, L. A. Kelton, Purshia tridentata, 15♂, 5♀ (CNC). Champion Lakes, August, 9, 1970, L. A. Kelton, 3♀ (CNC). Oliver, June 18, 1956, N. H. Anderson, Purshia tridentata, 2♂ (CNC). Osoyoos, July 16, 1975, L. A. Kelton, 1♂ (CNC). Osoyoos, East Bench, July 12, 1997– July 18, 1997, G. G. E. Scudder, Purshia tridentata, 4♀ (UBC). Richter Pass, Osoyoos, June 28, 1959, L. A. Kelton, Purshia tridentata, 9♂, 4♀ (CNC). Trail, June 21, 1959, L. A. Kelton, 1♀ (CNC). Vaseux Lake, Oliver, June 26, 1959, L. A. Kelton, Purshia tridentata, 9♂, 6♀ (CNC). Vaseux Lake, Wildlife Reserve, July 8, 1997, G. G. E. Scudder, Purshia tridentata, 4♂, 4♀ (UBC). USA: California: Fresno Co.: 5 km S of Big Creek on Huntington Lake Rd, 1600 m, July 25, 1999, M. D. Schwartz, Ceanothus cordulatus Kell. (Rhamnaceae), 34♂, 11♀ (CNC). Lassen Co.: 3 mi E of Westwood, July 12, 1934, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♂ (CAS). Placer Co.: September 1, 1900, 1♂ (USNM). Riverside Co.: San Jacinto Mountains, July 21, 1929, R. H. Beamer, 1♂ (KU). Siskiyou Co.: 1.5 mi E of I-5 towards McCloud, 3600 ft, July 25, 1986, R. T. Schuh, Ceanothus cordulatus (Rhamnaceae), 10♂, 11♀ (AMNH). just NW of McCloud, 3700 ft, July 27, 1986, R. T. Schuh, Ceanothus sp. (Rhamnaceae), 15♂, 6♀ (AMNH). No specific locality, 1♂ (CAS). Sisson, August 19, 1908, Bradley, paratypes: 3♂, 3♀ (CAS, USNM). Idaho: Adams Co.: 3 mi SW of Pine Ridge, Payette Natl. Forest, August 27, 1981, G. M. Stonedahl, Ceanothus sp. (Rhamnaceae), 1♀ (OSU). Oregon: Deschutes Co.: 8 mi E of Bend, July 10, 1970, K. J. Goeden, 1♂ (OSDA).

Holotype:

Male: “[USA] NEVADA: Lyon Co., 3 mi. S. E. of Toiyabe National Forest Boundary on Rt 338, elev. 6300 feet, July 2, 1983, RT Schuh, MD Schwartz; Purshia tridentata (Pursh.) DC (Rosaceae)”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the characters given in the generic diagnosis. Distinguished from A. cuneotinctus by the dorsum being unicolorous orange rather than pale to reddish and the cuneus never heavily tinged with red (fig. 1); hemelytra shorter in A. purshiae than in A. cuneotinctus.

Description:

Male: Small, moderately elongate, corial margin distinctly convex, broadest about midway between base of corium and cuneal fracture; total length 2.13– 2.86, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.48–1.91, width across pronotum 0.69– 0.90. COLORATION (fig. 1): Dorsum and venter uniformly orange; antennal segment 1 dark, remaining segments pale; coxae and femora orange, tibiae pale except as noted in generic description. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 1, 9G): As in generic description. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra moderately elongate, ratio of total length to width of pronotum 3.12:1. Labium reaching to hind trochanters. MALE GENITALIA: Apex of vesica moderately long (figs. 3, 9F); phallotheca as in figure 3; parameres as in figure 3.

Female: Small, elongate ovoid; total length 2.12–2.45, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.45–1.76, width across pronotum 0.72–0.86. COLORATION (fig. 1): Coloration more generally pale than in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 1): As in male. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra not so elongate as in male, body much more strongly ovoid (fig. 1); antennal segment 2 weakly tapering toward base, slightly more slender than in male.

Etymology:

Named for its occurrence on Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae).

Hosts:

Cercocarpus betuloides Nutt., Cowania mexicana D. Don, Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. (Rosaceae). Label data suggest this species may rarely breed on Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae).

Distribution:

Western United States from Washington east to Wyoming and south to Colorado, Utah, and the southern foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California.

Paratypes:

USA: California: Kern Co.: 20 km W of Wofford Heights on Rt 155, 1500 m, July 26, 1999, M. D. Schwartz, Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosaceae), 3♀ (CNC). 7 mi W of Wofford Heights on Rt 155, 1520 m, June 26, 1999, M. D. Schwartz, Arctostaphylos sp. (Ericaceae), 1♂, 4♀ (CNC). Rt 155, 44.6 km E of jct with Rt 65, W of Glennville, 1000 m, July 26, 1999, M.D. Schwartz, Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosaceae), 1♂ (CNC). Lassen Co.: 3 mi W of Nubieber, 1405 m, July 6, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosaceae), 27♂, 20♀ (AMNH). Modoc Co.: 24.7 mi NW of Canby, 1375 m, July 1, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, 3♂, 4♀ (AMNH). Nevada Co.: 7 mi N of Truckee, Sagehen Creek, July 29, 1962, J. T. Doyen, 1♂, (UCB). Shasta Co.: 1 mi W of Fall River Mills, 1030 m, July 7, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosaceae), 5♂, 5♀ (AMNH). Brown Butte, July 7, 1947, R. L. Usinger, 1♂, 5♀ (UCB). Mt. Shasta, June 29, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 1♂, (KU). Siskiyou Co.: 0.5 mi S of Lava Beds Natl. Monument toward Medicine Lake, 5300 ft., July 17, 1986, R. T. Schuh, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 1♂, 1♀ (AMNH). 15 mi SE of Mt. Shasta, 3500 ft, July 10, 1972, P. W. Oman, 1♂, (OSU). Powder Hill Road, 12.3 mi N of St Hwy 89, July 19, 1985, G. M. Stonedahl and J. D. McIver, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 5♂, 25♀ (AMNH). Colorado: Montezuma Co.: Mesa Verde Natl. Park, July 13, 1937, R. H. Beamer, 1♂, (KU). Nevada: Carson City Co.: Carson City, Summit Clear Creek Grade, July 10, 1934, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂, 1♀ (CAS). Elko Co.: 18 mi SE of Halleck on Rt 11, Secret Canyon, T34N R60E Sec15, 6000–6500 ft, July 26, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Cowania mexicana (Rosaceae), 23♂, 12♀ (AMNH). 30 mi SE of I-80 on Hwy 229, 6260 ft, July 19, 1980, G. M. Stonedahl, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 17♂, 16♀ (OSU). Lyon Co.: 3 mi SE of Toiyabe Natl. Forest Boundary on Rt 338, 6300 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 36♂, 25♀ (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 4.5 mi SW of Washoe, Little Valley Research Area, T16N R19E, 6200 ft, August 4, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 4♂, 3♀ (AMNH). Verdi, July 9, 1967, W. Gagne, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 1♀ (UCB). Oregon: Deschutes Co.: 8 mi E of Bend, July 10, 1970, K. J. Goeden, 5♂, 7♀ (OSDA). Jackson Co.: Just E of Pinehurst, 1140 m, June 27, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 7♂, 9♀ (AMNH). Jefferson Co.: 10 mi W of Sisters on Hwy 20, August 23, 1981, G. M. Stonedahl, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 4♀ (OSU). Klamath Co.: 4 mi NW of Worden on road to Keno, July 17, 1985, G. M. Stonedahl and J. D. McIver, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 27♂, 28♀ (AMNH). Lake Co.: 24 mi E of LaPine, July 31, 1957, G. F. Kraft, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 1♂, 1♀ (OSU). Utah: Cache Co.: Logan, July 22, 1938, G. F. Knowlton and D. E. Hardy, (USU). San Juan Co.: Brush Basin Rim Rd., Co. rd. 227 0.5 E milepost 116, 5700 ft, June 12, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Purshia tridentata (Rosaceae), 22♂, 21♀ (AMNH); Holotype: male (AMNH). Washington: Douglas Co.: 3 mi N of Ardenvoir, Mud Creek Entiat River drainage, July 17, 1968, G. Kraft, 1♂, 2♀ (OSU). Okanagan Co.: 0.5 mi S of Malott, July 6, 1966, W. Gagne and J. Haddock, 6♂, 9♀ (UCB). Yakima Co.: 36 mi S of Toppenish, June 26, 1969, P. W. Oman, 1♂, 2♀ (OSU). Wyoming: Fremont Co.: Wind River Mts., 2.5 mi SW Shoshone NF boundary on Rt 131, August 14, 1986, M. D. Schwartz and G. M. Stonedahl, Cowania mexicana (Rosaceae), 1♂, 1♀ (AMNH).

Holotype:

Male: “Republica Dominicana: Santo Domingo, Aug. 5, 1967, J. C. Schaffner, at black light”. Deposited in the entomological collections of Texas A&M University, College Station.

Diagnosis:

Recognized, along with Gonoporomiris mirifica (Distant), by the small size, somewhat flattened body form (fig. 2), the slender and weakly clavate second antennal segment, pale coloration of the corium and clavus, with the head, pronotum, scutellum, and base of cuneus often partially or wholly weakly to strongly brownish, and the neatly arranged pale, weakly shining, recumbent setae (fig. 2). Readily distinguished from G. mirifica by the structure of the vesica in the male, the apex of the vesica in G. mirifica being attenuated in the form of a heavy, sclerotized spine extending well beyond the distalmost portion of the secondary gonopore (see Henry and Schuh, 2002), whereas the apex of the vesica does not surpass the secondary gonopore in G. hispaniolae (fig. 3).

Description:

Male: Small, somewhat flattened; total length 2.50–2.87, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.86–2.03, width across pronotum 0.94–1.04. COLORATION (fig. 2): Hemelytra generally pale, sometime weakly pinkish; head, pronotum, scutellum, base of cuneus, thoracic pleuron, abdomen laterally, and distal one-half of hind femora often largely brown; appendages otherwise generally pale, except antennal segment 2 narrowly dark at apex; tibial spines dark with pales bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): Dorsum smooth, polished, moderately shining. Vestiture of dorsum composed of recumbent, pale, neatly arranged, weakly shining setae (fig. 2). STRUCTURE: Body weakly flattened; head transverse, frons weakly projecting beyond anterior margin of eyes; posterior margin of vertex rather broadly rounded; calli weakly but distinctly inflated (fig. 2); antennae showing only weak sexual dimorphism, segment 2 slender, weakly clavate in both sexes; abdomen broad at base, genital capsule large, occupying at least one-half length of abdomen. GENITALIA (fig. 3): Vesica relatively short, stout, C- shaped, secondary gonopore large, occupying about one-half of length of vesica (fig. 3); phallotheca erect (fig. 3); left paramere with posterior process strongly elevated and elongated (fig. 3); right paramere minute, lanceolate (fig. 3).

Female: Small, elongate ovoid; total length 1.61–2.86, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.92–2.02, width across pronotum 1.02–1.06. COLORATION (fig. 2): More generally pale than male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Body more strongly ovoid than in male (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for its occurrence on the island of Hispaniola.

Hosts:

All known specimens collected at black light. Henry and Schuh (2002) suggested that the only other member of the genus, Gonoporomiris mirificus, may be associated with the inflorescences of various species of palms.

Distribution:

Hispaniola.

Discussion:

Henry and Schuh (2002) described the genus Gonoporomiris to accommodate Demarata mirifica Distant, originally described from Mexico. Most of the specimens examined by Henry and Schuh (2002) were from Florida and Grand Bahama Island; they examined one male and one female from the Dominican Republic. Characterization of the male genitalia was based on specimens from Florida, which are the same as those of specimens from the Bahamas. Because all specimens currently known from Mexico are females, it has not been possible to determine if the male genitalia of specimens from the type locality are the same as those known from Florida and the Caribbean. After the Henry and Schuh (2002) paper was published, more specimens from the Dominican Republic came to light. Dissection of males revealed that Gonoporomiris is not represented by a single species in the Caribbean region, but rather that the specimens from Hispaniola differ from those found in Florida and Grand Bahama on the basis of the male genitalia. We predict that the Mexican material is also distinct, but this theory can best be tested through examination of the genitalia of males from Mexico.

Paratypes:

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Santo Domingo, August 5, 1967–August 21, 1967, J. C. Schaffner, 2♂, 9♀ (AMNH, TAMU).

Type Species:

Psallus atribibialis Knight.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the almost black coloration, the silvery, woolly vestiture (figs. 2, 10E), the relatively prominent clypeus (fig. 10A, C), the long free pulvilli (fig. 10B, D), and the form of the male genitalia (figs. 3, 10H). Form of the pulvilli similar to species of Macrotylus Fieber and Coquillettia Uhler, but those groups never with silvery woolly setae, and never with dull black coloration.

Description:

Male: Elongate, more or less parallel-sided; total length 3.21–3.69, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.26–2.48, width across pronotum 0.98–1.09. COLORATION (fig. 2): Nearly black, with some pale areas. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 10E, F): Impunctate, smooth, dull; body densely covered with recumbent, weakly flattened silvery, somewhat woolly setae (figs. 10E, F); a group of four erect setae ventrolaterally on genital capsule and just anterior to opening (figs. 10G, 10H). STRUCTURE: Head declivent, clypeus projecting beyond anterior margin of eyes and visible from above (figs. 10A, C); antennal segment 2 longer than width of head across eyes, cylindrical and subequal in diameter to segment 1; labium relatively short, reaching to posterior margin of mesosternum; claws smoothly curving, pulvilli nearly as long as claw, attached only at base; parempodia setiform, relatively long and slender (figs. 10B, D). Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figure 10F. Abdomen more or less cylindrical; genital capsule moderately large, conical. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 3): Vesica weakly sigmoid, with one-half twist, with a short attenuation surpassing secondary gonopore (fig. 3); Left paramere boat-shaped (fig. 3); right paramere lanceolate (fig. 3); phallotheca rather sharply curving, attenuated apically, and without distinctive ornamentation (figs. 3, 10H).

Female: Moderate size, elongate, total length 3.20–3.43, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.26–2.36, width across pronotum 1.13–1.19. COLORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Body somewhat broader than in male (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for Allen F. Guenther, in recognition of his field assistance in collecting this and other species of Miridae in the vicinity of Gila Bend, Arizona.

Hosts:

Acacia spp. (Fabaceae).

Distribution:

Southern Arizona, New Mexico, west Texas, and northern Mexico.

Discussion:

Guentherocoris atritibialis Knight combines attributes found in Macrotylus Fieber and some species of Plagiognathus Fieber. Because it does not possess the defining characteristics of either group, we have chosen to describe this new genus to accept the single species G. atritibialis (Knight).

Diagnosis:

Recognized as indicated in the generic diagnosis.

Description:

Male: Elongate, more or less parallel-sided; total length 3.21–3.69, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.26–2.48, width across pronotum 0.98–1.09. COLORATION (fig. 2): Nearly black, with medial two-thirds of antennal segment 2 pale, cuneal fracture narrowly pale, extreme base of corium pale, scent-gland evaporatory area pale, and veins on posterior margin of membrane cells pale (fig. 2). SURFACE AND VESTITURE: As in generic description. STRUCTURE: As in generic description. MALE GENITALIA: As in generic description.

Female: As in generic description.

Hosts:

Acacia constricta Bentham, A. greggii A. Gray, and Acacia sp. (Fabaceae). Single record from Ceanothus sp. probably accidental.

Distribution:

Southern Arizona, New Mexico, west Texas, and northern Mexico.

Specimens Examined:

MEXICO: Sonora: 8 mi S of Santa Ana, August 16, 1964, E. Schlinger et al., 3♂ (UCR). El Oasis, July 17, 1954, W. Gertsch, 2♂, 2♀ (AMNH). USA: Arizona: Cochise Co.: 17 mi E of Douglas, August 12, 1975, J. D. Pinto and S. I. Frommer, 3♂ (UCR). 30 mi E of Douglas, Guadalupe Canyon, August 20, 1974, S. Frommer and J. D. Pinto, 1♂ (UCR). 31 mi E of Douglas, August 24, 1974, J. D. Pinto, 2♂ (UCR). 5 mi W of Portal, Southwestern Research Station, August 3, 1959, 1♂ (AMNH). Huachuca Mts., Miller Canyon, August 6, 1974, S. Szerlip, 1♂ (UCB). Huachuca Mts., Sunnyside Canyon, July 9, 1940, R. H. Beamer, 2♂ (KU). Portal, 1500 m, June 15, 1980, R. T. Schuh, K. and R. Schmidt, 20♂, 35♀ (AMNH). Portal, August 1, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 2♂, 1♀ (UCR). Portal, July 20, 1967, 2♂ (AMNH). Portal, July 29– 31, 1967, L. A. Kelton, Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 34♀, 1♀ (CNC). Sierra Vista, Huachuca Mts., October 1, 1963, R. F. Sternitzky, 5♂ (CNC). South Fork Cave Creek Canyon, August 7, 1974, T. D. Eichlin, 1♂ (CAFA). Texas Pass, July 20, 1917, H. H. Knight, paratype of Psallus atritibialis, 1♂ (CNC). Whetstone Mts., Nogales Springs, 4400–4600 ft, July 26, 1977, Olson and Hetz, 1♂ (UAZ). Graham Co.: Sonita Creek, 1500 ft, August 17, 1976, D. S. Chandler, 1♂, 1♀ (UAZ). Stockton Pass, Pinaleno Mts., 5200–5500 ft, June 1, 1983, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, 6♂ (AMNH). Whitlock Mts., Dripping Spring, August 5, 1976, D. S. Chandler, 1♀ (UAZ). Maricopa Co.: 24 mi E of Gila Bend, Freeman, 530 m, May 8, 1978, R. T. Schuh and A. F. Guenther, Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 1♂, 28♀ (AMNH). Peoples Valley, August 18, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 1♀ (CNC). Salt River Canyon at Apache Lake, 2000 ft, April 26, 1981, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 1♀ (JTP). Pima Co.: Baboquivari Mts., Brown Canyon, August 4, 1961, Werner and Nutting, 1♂ (UAZ). Galiuro Mountains, Lower Ash Creek, 5000 ft, August 6, 1999, J. E. O'Hara, 6♂, 1♀ (CNC). Mt. Lemon, Santa Catalina Mts., August 3, 1967, L. A. Kelton, Ceanothus sp. (Rhamnaceae), 1♂ (CNC). NW of Tucson on Old Father Road, 2500 ft, April 22, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Acacia greggii (Fabaceae), 13♂, 8♀ (AMNH). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., August 15, 1966, G. D. Butler and F. G. Werner, 1♂ (UAZ). Organ Pipe Cactus Natl. Mon., mile 4 of Puerto Blanco Drive, April 3, 1966, C. W. O'Brien, 1♂ (UCB). Santa Catalina Mountains, Hk. Hwy mile 5, August 11, 1961, Werner and Nutting, 1♂ (UAZ). Santa Catalina Mountains, Molino Basin, August 2, 1970, J. Powell and P. Rude, 1♂ (UCB). Tucson, July 12, 1925, A. A. Nichol, paratype Psallus atritibialis, 1♂ (CNC). Tucson (within city limits), Ina Road, 2300 ft, April 13, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Acacia constricta (Fabaceae), 14♂, 15♀ (AMNH). Tucson County Park near saguaros, April 15, 1989, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 5♂, 7♀ (USNM). Tucson, August 4, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 5♂ (CNC). Tucson, Greasewood Pk., April 13, 1989, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr., Acacia sp. (Fabaceae), 2♂, 6♀ (USNM). Tucson, July 6, 1950–August 16, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 6♂, 1♀ (KU). Tucson, Saguaro National Monument, August 31, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 2♀ (CNC). Tucson, USDA Lab., April 10, 1989, T. J. Henry and A. G. Wheeler, Jr., (Fagaceae), 12♂, 7♀ (USNM). Pinal Co.: 5 mi S of San Manuel, T10S R17E, 3200 ft, June 12, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 1♂ (AMNH). Oracle, 12 mi up road, July 24, 1917, H. H. Knight, 2♀ (USNM). Santa Cruz Co.: Atascosa Mts., Calabasas Canyon, April 18, 1981, D. A. Polhemus, 1♀ (JTP). Santa Rita Mts., May 13, 1937, W. Benedict, 1♂ (KU). Yavapai Co.: Peeples Valley, August 18, 1967, L.A. Kelton, 1♂, 3♀ (CNC). New Mexico: Hidalgo Co.: 15 mi N of Portal Road jct on Hwy 80, August 8, 1975, S. Frommer, 4♂, 1♀ (UCR). Texas: Brewster Co.: Big Bend National Park, Tornillo Flat, 3200 ft, May 20, 1959, Howden and Becker, 1♀ (CNC).

Holotype:

Male: “[USA]: Cal[ifornia].: Riverside Co., Salton Sea, 3-24-49, R. A. Flock”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by pale yellow to yellow-orange coloration on dorsum, with scutellum, calli, and vertex usually much more strongly orange (fig. 2); appendages and venter entirely pale. Size and form of sexual dimorphism similar to Megalopsallus ephedrellus Schuh and Megalopsallus nuperus (Van Duzee), but M. ephedrellus much more distinctly greenish on the hemelytra and M. nuperus usually with eyes red rather than gray. Bifid apex of vesica (fig. 4) in male similar to that of Megalopsallus ephedrae (Knight), M. ephedrellus Schuh, Megalopsallus froeschneri (Schuh), and M. pallipes (Knight), with overall elongate form of vesica most similar to that of M. froeschneri, but those species with nearly black head, pronotum and scutellum and usually strongly reddish hemelytra. Breeds on Ephedra, as do M. ephedrae, M. ephedrellus, M. froeschneri, and M. pallipes.

Description:

Male: Size moderate, appearance robust; total length 3.22–3.51, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.35– 2.46, width across pronotum 1.14–1.26. COLORATION (fig. 2): Dorsum pale yellow-orange, scutellum, calli, and vertex usually much more strongly orange and at least moderately contrasting; eyes gray; appendages and venter pale (fig. 2). SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): Dorsum smooth, dull, clothed with pale, recumbent, simple setae. STRUCTURE: Relatively stout-bodied, corial margins nearly straight (fig. 2); head broad, eyes large and bulging; labium moderately long, reaching to middle trochanters; claws elongate, rather strongly bent at apical third, pulvilli minute. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 4): Vesica relatively long and slender, more or less S-shaped, apex bifid, with short projections, secondary gonopore moderately sclerotized; removed from apex of vesica by distance slightly greater than length of gonopore; gonopore sclerite present (fig. 4).

Female: Total length 3.01–3.15, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.21–2.35, width across pronotum 1.17–1.22. COLORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Body form more strongly ovoid than in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for Ella Massie- Schuh, daughter of the senior author.

Hosts:

Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae).

Distribution:

Southern California: Imperial Valley.

Discussion:

The description above contains only salient features for recognition of this species. For a more detailed generic diagnosis and description, the reader is referred to the revision of Schuh (2000b). Although Megalopsallus ellae is similar in general appearance to M. nuperus, it would appear to be most closely related to M. ephedrae, M. froeschneri, and M. pallipes on the basis of the distinctive bifid vesical apex found in those three species. Megalopsallus ellae most easily runs to couplet six in the key provided by Schuh (2000b) for the species of Megalopsallus, but can be distinguished from Megalopsallus pallidus (Knight) and Megalopsallus schwartzi Schuh, the two species that key out in that couplet, by its more strongly yellowish coloration, and by the vesica in the male having a bifid apex.

Paratypes:

USA: California: Imperial Co.: El Centro, March 18, 1948, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 11♂, 2♀ (UCR, AMNH). Glamis, March 10, 1976, J. C. Hall, Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), 7♂, 6♀ (UCR, AMNH). Riverside Co.: Salton Sea, March 24, 1949, R. A. Flock, 1♂ (UCR).

Type Species:

Neopsallus powelli, new species.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the elongate- ovoid body shape, the dense vestiture of woolly silvery setae, the brown coloration in the only known species (fig. 2), the long labium reaching well onto the genital capsule in the male (fig. 11H), the large genital capsule (fig. 11H), and the heavily sclerotized vesica with two distinct straps (fig. 4) and additional details unique for the North American fauna. Most similar to species of Oligotylus Van Duzee and Lepidargyrus ancorifer (Fieber) in body form, type of vestiture, and large genital capsule. Distinguished from Oligotylus spp. by the posteroventral margin of the genital capsule in that taxon being “squared off” as opposed to smoothly curving in Neopsallus. Vesica of Neopsallus “twisted” and S-shaped as in L. ancorifer and species of Psallus Fieber; vesica in Oligotylus strongly recurved on basal one-third and also twisted. Apical ornamentation in L. ancorifer in the form of a single, broad, attenuated extension of one of the vesical straps; Oligotylus spp. always with two long, broad, blades. Neopsallus powelli with two slender spines (fig. 4).

Description:

Male: Moderately large, robust, elongate ovoid; total length 3.15–3.44, length apex clypus–cuneal fracture 2.21– 2.37, with across pronotum 1.05–1.11. COLORATION (fig. 2): Generally brown (fig. 2); antennal segment 2 pale; scent-gland evaporatory area pale; tibiae pale, tibial spines dark with dark bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 11E): Body surface smooth, weakly shining. Dorsum densely covered with woolly silvery setae intermixed with simple setae (figs. 2, 11E); posterior margin of head and anterior margin of pronotum with several heavy, erect, black setae (fig. 11A, B); silvery setae scattered on thoracic pleuron (fig. 11C); abdomen with woolly, silvery setae laterally on ventral surface, otherwise with recumbent, dark, simple setae. STRUCTURE: Head short, declivent, clypeus not visible from above; posterior margin of vertex in the form of a broadly rounded carina (fig. 11A, B); eyes of moderate size, width of gena about 1.5 times diameter of antennal segment 1; gula short; labium long, reaching well onto genital capsule (fig. 11H). Antennae showing only weak sexual dimorphism, segment 2 of slightly smaller diameter than segment 1, weakly tapered proximally, segments 3 and 4 more slender than segment 2 (fig. 2). Pronotum weakly tumid. Tibiae with moderately heavy black spines; trichobothria as in figure 11F. Claws nearly straight over much of length, rather sharply bent near apex; parempodia setiform; pulvilli large, adnate to nearly entire ventral claw surface (fig. 11D). Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figure 11C. Genital capsule large, occupying at least one-half of length of abdomen; capsule in lateral view tapering toward apex (fig. 11H). GENITALIA (fig. 4): Vesica large and heavily sclerotized, twisted, formed of two conspicuous straps, the anterior terminating in two slender spines of unequal length; secondary gonopore relatively small, situated at apex of main portion of straps (fig. 4); phallotheca L-shaped, attenuated apically (figs. 4, 11G); left paramere boat shaped (fig. 4); right paramere lanceolate (fig. 4).

Female: Moderately large, elongate ovoid; total length 3.25–3.29, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 2.26–2.45, width across pronotum 1.00–1.14. COLORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Overall body form as in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for Jerry Powell, Professor Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley, in recognition of his collecting much of the material on which this taxon is described and his extensive collections of the California insect fauna.

Hosts:

Penstemon sp. (Scrophulariaceae).

Discussion:

As mentioned in the diagnosis, the coloration, body shape, and type of vestiture are similar to Lepidargyrus ancorifer and dark-colored Oligotylus spp. (see Schuh, 2000a). The vesica in the male is, however, unique and for this reason we have chosen to describe the new genus Neopsallus to accommodate this species. The only known host record suggests that N. powelli breeds on Penstemon spp. Further collecting on Penstemon in California may yield additional species.

Holotype:

Male: “[USA:] CAL[ifornia]: 1 mi. SE Santa Ysabel, VI-14-75, John D. Pinto”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

As in generic diagnosis.

Description:

Male: As in generic description.

Female: As in generic description.

Hosts:

Penstemon sp. (Scrophulariaceae).

Distribution:

Southern California.

Paratypes:

USA: California: San Diego Co.: 1 mi SE of Santa Ysabel, June 14, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 2♂ (UCR). No specific locality, May 13, 1914, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂ (CAS). Santa Rosa Mts., May 31, 1940, R. L. Usinger, Penstemon sp. (Scrophulariaceae), 2♂ (UCB). Santa Barbara Co.: 4 mi E of Los Prietos, June 26, 1965, J. Powell, 6♂, 3♀ (UCB, AMNH, USNM).

Discussion:

Van Duzee (1917) described the new species Plagiognathus diversus with two included varieties, P. d. cruralis and P. d. pluto. Schuh (2001) treated P. diversus as a junior synonym of Plagiognathus artemisiae (Becker); he transferred P. cruralis to the new genus Tuxedo Schuh as a valid species. The fate of P. pluto has remained in doubt. Examination of the holotype of P. pluto indicates that it is the same taxon as Oligotylus ribesi Schuh, 2000. We are therefore treating O. ribesi as a junior synonym, new synonymy.

Type Species:

Pruneocoris stonedahli, new species.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the small size, broad, flattened body (fig. 2), dense covering of lepidote setae (figs. 2, 12B, E, F), the lack of a row of spinules on the distal portion of the dorsal surface of the hind femur (fig. 12G), and the form of the male genitalia, especially the vesica being formed of a single strap, attenuated into a spine apically, and with the secondary gonopore located on the dorsal surface (fig. 4). Similar in coloration, lepidote vestiture, and overall appearance to some species of Atractotomus Fieber, Phoenicocoris Reuter, and Pinomiris Stonedahl and Schwartz. Differing from all of those genera by the lack of spinules dorsodistally on the hind femur and by the lack of spines on the gonopore sclerite. Lepidote setae broad and of what Stonedahl (1990) referred to as type 2, the vestiture therefore having an appearance more similar to many Atractotomus spp. than to most species of Phoenicocoris and Pinomiris. Also, short broad head more similar to that of Atractotomus than those of Phoenicocoris and Pinomiris, with the latter two having the frons and clypeus more strongly projecting anteriorly when viewed from above.

Description:

Male: Small, broad-bodied, somewhat flattened; total length 2.39–2.84, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.62– 1.86, width across pronotum 0.86–1.01. COLORATION (fig. 2): Largely reddish brown to castaneous. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 12B, E, F): Dorsum smooth, dull; entire body densely covered with lepidote setae intermixed with simple setae (figs. 12B, E, F); distal portion of dorsal surface of hind femur lacking row of spinules as found in Atractotomus (fig. 12G). STRUCTURE: Head transverse, conforming to anterior margin of pronotum (figs. 2, 12B); posterior margin of vertex forming a weak carina (fig. 12B); antenna inserted on ventral margin of eye (fig. 12C); head projecting below eyes by about half the height of an eye (figs. 12A, C); labium reaching to hind trochanters. Antennal segment 2 of diameter nearly equal to that of segment 1, tapering slightly toward base. Claws nearly straight, bent near apex, pulvilli large and adnate to nearly entire ventral surface of claw, parempodia relatively short and stout (fig. 12D). Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figure 12E. Abdomen broad, tapering toward relatively small genital capsule, the latter occupying about one-third of length of abdomen. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica slender, delicate, formed of a singe sinuously curving strap with an apical spine, gonopore well sclerotized, situated near apex on dorsal surface, and gonopore sclerite lacking (fig. 4); phallotheca (figs. 4, 12H); left paramere (fig. 4); right paramere (fig. 4).

Female: Small, flattened, elongate ovoid; total length 2.30–2.42, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 1.65–1.75, with across pronotum 0.85–0.93. COLORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Body form more strongly ovoid than in male; eyes smaller, frons more strongly bulging in dorsal view, head not appearing so strongly transverse (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for the seemingly invariant occurrence of the only known species on Prunus spp. (Rosaceae).

Hosts:

Prunus spp. (Rosaceae).

Distribution:

Utah and Nevada south to the state of Durango on the Central Mexican Plataeau.

Discussion:

These small bugs have the general appearance of some species of Atractotomus Fieber and Phoenicocoris Reuter. They do not fit the diagnosis of either genus well, however, and we have therefore chosen to place them in a new genus. Nonetheless, on the basis of male genitalic structure and type of vestiture, their affinities would appear to be with the group of genera including Atractotomus and Phoenicocoris, and possibly also Megalopsallus Knight,

Holotype:

Male: “USA: UTAH: Washington Co.: Snow Canyon State Park, T41S R16W (campground), 4000 ft., May 22, 1981, MD Schwartz; Prunus fasciculata (Torr.) A. Gray (Rosaceae)”. Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

Diagnosis:

See generic diagnosis.

Description:

Male: As in generic description, except as follows: COLORATION (fig. 2): Antennal segment 1 usually faded reddish, segment 2 pale, segments 3 and 4 heavily infuscate; hemelytra narrowly pale at cuneal fracture; membrane cells with veins pale along posterior margin; coxae and femora reddish or reddish brown; tibiae pale, tibial spines with dark bases.

Female: As in male.

Etymology:

Named for Gary M. Stonedahl, friend and colleague, in recognition of his many contributions to taxonomy of the Miridae, particularly from the western United States.

Hosts:

Prunus andersonii A. Gray, Prunus fasciculata A. Gray (Rosaceae).

Distribution:

Utah and Nevada south to the state of Durango on the Central Mexican Plataeau.

Paratypes:

MEXICO: Baja California Norte: NE of Vallecitos, Sierra San Pedro Martir, July 14, 1980, Brown and Faulkner, 2♂, 3♀ (SDNH). Durango: 5 mi W of Durango, June 11, 1964, H. F. Howden, 1♀ (CNC). USA: Arizona: Mohave Co.: Hualapi Mts., SE of Kingman, T20N R15W, 4000–6400 ft, June 9, 1983, R. T. Schuh, M. D. Schwartz, and G. M. Stonedahl, Prunus andersonii (Rosaceae), 1♂, 6♀ (AMNH). Purgatory Canyon, Virgin River Canyon, 0.35 mi SW mp 24 on Hwy 15, 2600 ft, May 24, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Eriogonum fasciculatum (Polygonaceae), 1♂, 1♀ (AMNH). California: Inyo Co.: Big Pine, June 17, 1929, R. L. Usinger, 1♂, 2♀ (CAS). Mono Lake, Tioga Lodge, June 22, 1929, R. L. Usinger, 1♀ (CAS). Mono Co.: Coleville, at night, 5200 ft, June 10, 1966, W. Gagne, 10♂, 5♀ (UCB). Mono Craters at Rt 395, 2188 m, July 3, 1980, R. T. Schuh, Prunus andersonii (Rosaceae), 17♂, 25♀ (AMNH), holotype male (AMNH). San Bernardino Co.: 17.6 mi S of Barstow on Rt 247, 1060 m, May 2, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Prunus fasciculata (Rosaceae), 10♂, 14♀ (AMNH). Nevada: Carson City Co.: Carson City, June 26, 1929, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♂, 2♀ (CAS). Lander Co.: Kingston Creek Canyon, Toiyabe Mts., T16N R43E Sec 27 & 35, 6500– 7500 ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Prunus andersonii (Rosaceae), 28♂, 12♀ (AMNH). Lyon Co.: 5.2 mi S of Sweetwater Summit on Rt 22, Toiyabe Natl. Forest, 2015 m, July 11, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Prunus andersonii (Rosaceae), 3♂, 25♀ (AMNH, OSU). Utah: Washington Co.: Snow Canyon State Park, T41S R16W, 4000 ft, May 22, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Prunus fasciculata (Rosaceae), 18♂, 25♀ (AMNH).

Type Species:

Reuteroscopus falcatus Van Duzee.

Diagnosis:

Body form similar to Plagiognathus Fieber, elongate, nearly parallel-sided, more or less cylindrical in cross section (fig. 2); antennae weakly sexually dimorphic (fig. 2), unlike Plagiognathus; vesica in male with a single apical spine of moderate length (fig. 4), rather than with two long spines as in Plagiognathus. Most similar in coloration to Plagiognathus albatus (Van Duzee), but that species never with contrasting dark patches on pronotum as in V. falcatus. Genital capsule in male with distinctive low tubercles on ventral surface (fig. 13H).

Description:

Male: Elongate, more or less parallel-sided; total length 3.04–3.60, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.08–2.49, width pronotum 0.95–1.08. COLORATION (fig. 2): Generally pale, pronotum with dark patches just posterior to calli (fig. 2), endocorium infuscate; antennae totally pale (fig. 2); tibiae pale, tibial spines pale (fig. 2). SURFACE AND VESTITURE (figs. 2, 13G): Impunctate, smooth, dull to moderately shining (fig. 2); vestiture of simple pale setae (fig. 13G); distal portion of dorsal surface of hind femur lacking row of spinules as in figure 13I; genital capsule with distinctive low tubercles on ventral surface (fig. 13H). STRUCTURE: Head declivent, barely projecting beyond anterior margin of eyes, clypeus barely visible from above (figs. 2, 13A, B, C); labium reaching apex of middle coxae. Antennae sexually dimorphic, segment 2 in male cylindrical, of uniform diameter over entire length, relatively long, about 1.4 time as long as width of head across eyes. Trichobothria as in figure 13J. Claws relatively slender, bent at nearly right angle at about two-thirds distance from base (figs. 13E, F); pulvilli moderately large, adnate to basal two-thirds of claw (fig. 13E, F); parempodia cylindrical, with blunt apex (fig. 13E, F). Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area as in figure 13D. MALE GENITALIA (fig. 4): Vesica sigmoid, with one-half twist, apically with a single blade of moderate length (fig. 4); left paramere boat-shaped (fig. 4); right paramere lanceolate (fig. 4); phallotheca rather sharply curving, attenuated apically, and without distinctive ornamentation (fig. 4).

Female: Moderately large, elongate ovoid; total length 3.40–3.90, length apex clypeus– cuneal fracture 2.43–2.69, width across pronotum 1.13–1.18. COLORATION (fig. 2): As in male. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (fig. 2): As in male. STRUCTURE: Overall body form as in male; eyes smaller; antennal more slender than in male, weakly tapering toward base (fig. 2).

Etymology:

Named for E. P. Van Duzee, in recognition of his pioneering efforts in describing the mirid fauna of California.

Discussion:

The species placed in Vanduzeephylus is widespread in western North America. It is similar in appearance to some Plagiognathus species, notably P. albatus. The genitalic structure of Plagiognathus spp. is quite consistent across a broad range of species, some of which differ substantially in size and coloration. The genitalic structure in V. falcatus deviates significantly from that type. This, combined with the distinct sexual dimorphism in the antennae of V. falcatus, has caused us to erect a new genus for its reception.

Hosts:

Recorded from Platanus sp. (Platanaceae), Populus sp., and Salix sp. (Salicaceae).

Distribution:

Western North America.

Diagnosis:

Recognized by the generally pale coloration of the dorsum and appendages with the contrasting large, brown, lunate to round spots placed laterally on the pronotum just posterior to the calli, and the infuscate vertex, base of scutellum and endocorium. Most similar in general appearance and coloration to pale forms of Plagiognathus albatus, but that species never with the pronotum pale with darks spots as in Vanduzeephylus.

Description:

Male: As in generic description.

Female: As in generic description.

Hosts:

Recorded from Platanus racemosa Nutt. (Platanaceae), Populus deltoides Marsh., P. fremontii S. Watson, P. tremuloides Michx., and Salix sp. (Salicaceae).

Distribution:

British Columbia south to the central Sierra Nevada Mountains and east to Colorado.

Discussion:

See generic Discussion.

Specimens Examined:

CANADA: British Columbia: 18 mi N of Lytton, June 12, 1963, G. G. E. Scudder, 1♀ (UBC). Summerland, June 23, 1971, K. G. A. Hamilton, Populus tremuloides (Salicaceae), 2♂ (CNC). Summerland, July 12, 1975, L. A. Kelton, 1♀ (CNC). Vancouver Island, Malahat Drive, June 26, 1940, R. L. Usinger, 5♀ (UCB). USA: California: Calaveras Co.: Mokelumne Hill, May 27, 1931, R. L. Usinger, 2♀ (UCB). El Dorado Co.: Fallen Leaf Lake, July 23, 1929, R. L. Usinger, 1♂, 12♀ (UCB). Lake Tahoe, Fallen Leaf Lake, lower end, July 27, 1932, R. L. Usinger, 4♂, 14♀ (UCB). Los Angeles Co.: Whittier, April 18, 1935–May 27, 1929, Platanus racemosa (Platanaceae), 1♂ (USNM). Madera Co.: Big Sandy Flat, July 15, 1946, R. L. Usinger, 1♂ (UCB). Coarsegold, June 29, 1946, T. O. Thatcher, Salix sp. (Salicaceae), 2♀ (UCB). Marin Co.: 15 mi NW of Olema, June 10, 1962, C. A. Toschi, 2♀ (UCB). Monterey Co.: Bradley, May 23, 1920, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂ (CAS). Pleyto, May 21, 1920, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂, 3♀ (CAS). Nevada Co.: Truckee, July 6, 1927, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (CAS). Riverside Co.: Menifee Valley (hills on W end), 1800 ft, May 4, 1985, J. D. Pinto, Salix sp. (Salicaceae), 2♂, 2♀ (UCR). Soboda Springs, May 30, 1917, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (CAS). San Mateo Co.: Half Moon Bay State Beach, June 11, 1980, J. D. Pinto, Salix sp. (Salicaceae), 2♂, 4♀ (UCR). Siskiyou Co.: Yreka, June 15, 1959, Kelton and Madge, Salix sp., 2♂, 1♀ (CNC). Tehama Co.: Red Bluff, Dog Island State Park, April 29, 1984, D. S. Chandler, 1♂, 6♀ (UNHAMP). Red Bluff, Samson Slough, April 29, 1984, D. S. Chandler, 1♂, 1♀ (UNHAMP). Tulare Co.: Woodlake, April 24, 1932, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (CAS). Colorado: Costilla Co.: Fort Garland, Ute Creek Ranch, August 11, 1925, H. H. Knight, 2♀ (USNM). Nevada: Carson City Co.: Carson City, June 25, 1929, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♂ (CAS). Carson City, Summit Clear Creek Grade, July 10, 1934, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♀ (CAS). Washoe Co.: 13 mi NW of Gerlach, June 11, 1970, 4♂, 3♀ (UCB). Pyramid, July 4, 1947, R. L. Usinger, 1♀ (UCB). Reno, June 27, 1927, E. P. Van Duzee, 2♂ (CAS). Sparks, June 28, 1927, E. P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (CAS). Oregon: Benton Co.: 7 mi N of Corvallis, Camp Adair, June 23, 1962, J. D. Lattin, Populus deltoides (Salicaceae), 3♂, 2♀ (OSU). Corvallis, July 14, 1959, J. D. Lattin, 1♀ (OSU). Marion Co.: Salem, Wallace Marine Park, July 15, 1978, R. Weinzierl, 1♀ (OSU). Yamhill Co.: Dayton, Dorsey's Gravel Bar, July 22, 1963, K. M. Fender, 1♀ (OSU). Utah: Uintah Co.: 5–10 mi SW of Bonanza, T10S R24E, 5000–5600 ft, July 5, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Populus fremontii (Salicaceae), 1♂ (AMNH). Washington: Pierce Co.: Puyallup, July 5, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 1♂, 11♀ (KU). Whatcom Co.: Bellingham, 1031 W Bakerview Road, July 19, 1979, G. M. Stonedahl, Salix sp. (Salicaceae), 1♀ (OSU).